Consecuencias socio-laborales de los nuevos modelos de organización de la producción flexibles. El caso de la industria naval.

Abstract

The economic crisis of the Seventies introduced important changes in the socioeconomic model of post-war period, reconstructing the model of production and the consumption of masses, based on the introduction of the new economy of the information and technologies. Naval companies under the new globalized economy also design their strategies on a world-wide scale, connecting themselves in flexible networks that use the technologies of the information and the knowledge in all phases of their activities. This background allows to work in those places where it is cheaper (in term of fixed costs as the case of the workforce) and spread businesses all over the world. The new pattern of production leads to the creation of a more flexible productive structure, which entails the segmentation of the processes of production among different productive centres belonging to the different productive fields, all of them now part of the new multispectral Naval industry, but always under a centralized management. Facing the new landscape this new economy raises, companies react by adding flexibility to productive systems which inevitably interfere on the way workers develop their work. The process of technical-productive permissibility, including the decentralization of the production from main factories and the increasing sub hiring of multiple secondary or support services, entails the duality in the organization of the production, flexibility of employment and the progressive exteriorization of the costs by Naval companies towards society and environment.